Culture At Enron Corporation, An American Energy,...

Culture at Enron Organizational culture is defined as a cognitive system of beliefs, attitudes, values, and behavioral norms that are shared by members of the organization. The documentary â€Å"The Smartest Guys in the Room† researched, chronicled, and explained the culture and collapse of Enron Corporation, an American energy, commodities, and services company. The organizational culture of Enron was extremely multifaceted and comprised of many aspects. According to Schein’s three levels of organizational culture, such aspects were expressed by means of manifest articles such as heroes and language, which were linked to espoused organizational values, and then connected to basic assumptions about the company and what was deemed important there. Manifest artifacts are things that are characteristic of the organizational structure and processes. Espoused values are the standards that define and are defined by culture, and by which organization members judge what is good and desirable. Basic assumptions are the deepest level, which include the beliefs, perception, and emotions of organization members that are often not expressed and unconscious. This paper will analyze the links and connections between artifacts at Enron, the values and standards they expressed, and what can be assumed about the cultural beliefs, perceptions, thoughts, and feelings at Enron. The culture at Enron was characterized by manifest articles such as heroes. Kenneth Lay, the CEO of Enron, and JeffShow MoreRelatedThe Enron Scandal854 Words   |  4 PagesThe Enron Scandal Background Enron Corporation was an American energy, commodities, and services company based in Houston, Texas. Before its bankruptcy on December 2, 2001, Enron employed approximately 20,000 staff and was one of the world s leading electricity, natural gas, communications, and pulp and paper companies, with claimed revenues of nearly $101 billion in 2000.[1] Fortune named Enron America s Most Innovative Company for six consecutive years. At the end of 2001, it was revealedRead MoreValues And Ethics Of The Workplace Essay963 Words   |  4 PagesValues and ethics are essential in the workplace. It establishes how a company is run and remains profitable. Leaders are the key to demonstrating and creating the organization’s culture, ethics and values. It has to start at the top of the organization including the Chief Executive officer, board and owners. Leaders’ internalization and manifestation of the values in how they operate have a great influence on the employees. Every organiza tion must start with a foundation, a code of conduct, codeRead MoreEnron Scandal1844 Words   |  8 Pagesï » ¿THE ENRON SCANDAL FACTS OF THE CASE Enron Corporation was an American energy, commodities, and services company based in Houston, Texas. Enron s predecessor was the Northern Natural Gas Company, which was formed during 1932, in Omaha, Nebraska. It was reorganized during 1979 as the main subsidiary of a holding company, Inter-North which was a diversified energy and energy related products company. During 1985, it bought the smaller and less diversified Houston Natural Gas company. EmployedRead MoreValues And Ethics Of The Workplace1259 Words   |  6 PagesValues and ethics are essential in the workplace. It establishes how a company is run and remains profitable. Leaders are the key to demonstrating and creating the organization’s culture, ethics and values. It has to start at the top of the organization including the Chief Executive officer, board and owners. Leaders’ internalization and manifestation of the values in how they operate have a great influence on the employees. Every organization must start with a foundation, a code of conduct, codeRead MoreAgency And Stakeholder Theories To The Enron Debacle6344 Words   |  26 PagesTheories to the Enron Debacle: An Ethical Perspective Blackwell Oxford, Business BASR  © 0045-3609 O 1 110 BUSINESS CULPAN riginal 2004 Center UK Article and and Publishing, and TRUSSEL Society for SOCIETY Business Ltd. Review REVIEW Ethics at Bentley College REFIK CULPAN AND JOHN TRUSSEL INTRODUCTION W e examine the infamous Enron debacle from an ethical perspective by deï ¬ ning its theoretical underpinnings and analyzing the unethical conduct by top executives at the company in the areas of accountingRead MoreEthics And Its Impact On Society Essay1618 Words   |  7 Pagesthese values and principles are incorporated into culture and law. Organizations today integrate ethics into the foundation of their businesses in order to augment the professional value and trustworthiness of their enterprise. Both public and private companies are expected to uphold certain ideals and internal controls for the benefit of their stakeholders. Operating with high virtues dictates an enterprise’s true value. Corporations like Enron, Volkswagen, and Mattel once ventures of firm principleRead MoreEnron Case7190 Words   |  29 PagesThe Enron Accounting Scandal Presented By: Jennifer Buondonno Nirmala David Robert Pufky Matt Rollings ENRON Page 1 of 27 Table of Contents Executive Summary†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦..3 (I) Introduction to the Enron case and the organizations involved†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦. 5 Background information industry†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦.. 5 Organizations and officers involved†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦..6 Accounting firm and partners involved†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦.8 Enron’s industry†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦.. 9 Enron’s injured parties†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Read MoreCase Study Enron Scandal5642 Words   |  23 PagesCASE 3 Enron: Questionable Accounting Leads to Collapse Once upon a time, there was a gleaming headquarters office tower in Houston, with a giant Tilted ―Eâ€â€" in front, slowly revolving in the Texas sun. Enron‘s suggested to Chinese feng shui practitioner Meihwa Lin a model of instability, which was perhaps an omen of things to come. The Enron Corporation, which once ranked among the top Fortune 500 companies, collapsed in 2001 under a mountain of debt that had been concealed through a complex schemeRead MoreClassification of Fraud Cases1382 Words   |  6 Pagesusing of another’s property for sole purpose of capitalizing unfairly on good will and reputation of property owner†. (Eilifsen A., 2012) The fraud can be perpetrated by board members or anyone entrusted to hold and manage assets and interests of company or its employees. Asset misappropriation includes cash theft and inventory. Moreover, there includes all other assets theft (See pg.23 Appendix 6) and sub-categories (See pg.24 Appendix 7). Besides, different types of asset misappropriation fraudRead MoreCase Study: Accounting for Enron4415 Words   |  18 PagesPapazian Accounting for Enron Introduction In the case of Accounting for Enron, the case concerned one of the largest corporate bankruptcies in the US history at the turn of the 21st century. It was Enron Corporation, a one time seventh largest most successful US company, sixth largest energy company in the world, valued at over $70 Billion; they filed for chapter 11 on December 2, 2001. Just the year before, Enron posted a 57% increase in sales between 1996 and 2000. And Enron shares hit a 52-week

Essay Democracy in America - 1301 Words

In the nineteenth century, when the influences of a recent democratic society began to spread among the Americans, the equality of gender, the role of women, and the family began to change into an individualistic culture. In the United States, democracy opens up new beliefs on equality among the role of gender. In Democracy in America, Alexis de Tocqueville argues on how Americans were able to see the roles of gender more equally important than the Europeans. The Americans recognize the roles of the women and men important in being part as a contribution in the community. Each of the gender contains the same understanding that makes the American gender undetectable. For example, Tocqueville notice, in the United States, that the American†¦show more content†¦For example, young men are able to make their own decisions prior to their priorities and future. They become more independent from the family, especially from the father’s authority. The liberty of thoughts and decisions is what makes young men to become more individualistic. In an aristocratic society, the father is the main person that the society recognize and the children â€Å"are received by society at his hands; society governs him, he governs them† (Tocqueville 219). In the United States, the Americans need guidance between managing individualism into a communal concentration. In America, the Americans adapted the jury to embrace the communal obligations into the citizens’ activities and the form of associations to keep the citizens aware of the political affairs of the country. These new adaptations in the democratic society had help keep citizens away from pursuing their own interests’ affairs and put the communal corporatism back into the society. In the United States, the Americans considered the jury as a political institution, in which the system brought the citizens to become conscious about the community. Due to individualism spread among the Americans, the citizens were becoming aware of their own interests instead of the interests of the whole community. Somehow, the jury hasShow MoreRelatedEssay on Democracy in America664 Words   |  3 Pages Democracy in America By: Alexis De Tocqueville Democracy in America, by Alexis De Tocqueville is a book about how the American States and the federal government would grow politically and socially under the umbrella of democracy.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Alexis De Tocqueville sees the United States as a unique entity because of how and why it started as well as its geographical location. Alexis De Tocqueville explains that the foundations of the democratic process in America are completely different from anywhereRead More Democracy in America Essay2008 Words   |  9 PagesDemocracy in America Throughout the course of history, mankind has been recorded to corrupt itself. Men have grown tired of simply surviving; they have had to take and conquer others. Absolute monarchies control wealth, land, and even lives of men. The conditions of the people were solely dependent on the conditions of the one who was in power in that particular place and time. History has proven that most men rule unwisely in their kingdoms. To avoid tyrannical rule, some make an attempt toRead MoreDemocracy in America by Alexis de Tocqueville1300 Words   |  6 PagesThe Consideration of Democracy, Blacks, and Slavery Tocqueville, in Democracy in America, dwells on the strengths and weaknesses of American democracy. When discussing race relations, he recognizes that the presence of the black race in America and the occupation of blacks in slavery could threaten the continuation of the United States as a Union and a republic. As a Union, the United States could be torn apart by the disparities between the North and the South and tensions between blacks and whitesRead MoreEssay about Alexis de Tocqueville: Democracy in America1197 Words   |  5 Pages Democracy in America has been a guiding principle since the foundation of the country. Many over the years have commented on the structure and formation of democracy but more importantly the implementation and daily function within the democratic parameters that have been set. Alexis de Tocqueville was a French political thinker and historian born July 29, 1805. He is most famously known for his work Democracy in America. Democracy in America has be en an evolving social and economic reform, andRead MoreCritical Analysis of Alex de Tocquevilles Democracy in America1366 Words   |  6 PagesAnalysis of Alexis de Tocqueville’s Democracy in America Alexis de Tocqueville’s visit to the United States in 1831 prompted his work Democracy in America. This was supposed to be a chance for him to take a look at the American prison system. However, it was obvious from his writing that he looked at every aspect of American culture. In Democracy in America, he takes a look at how democracy works and the pitfalls that could bring about the downfall of democracy. Throughout his travels he noticedRead MoreAlexis de Tocquevilles Democracy in America Essay example982 Words   |  4 PagesAlexis de Tocquevilles visit to the United States in the early part of the nineteenth century prompted his work Democracy in America, in which he expressed the ability to make democracy work. Throughout his travels Tocqueville noted that private interest and personal gain motivated the actions of most Americans, which in turn cultivated a strong sense of individualism. Tocqueville believed that this individualism would soon sap the virtue of p ublic life (395) and create a despotism of selfishnessRead MoreAmerican Traditional Politics: Democracy in America by Alexis de Tocqueville1207 Words   |  5 Pageslike myself, believe and support that equality as well as liberty are vital features to a sustainable democracy. But how strong the two features are together is where the doubt lies. Alexis de Tocqueville was convinced that liberty and equality would always cause tension between the two never letting each reach its full abilities. This was Tocqueville’s main reason behind his problems with democracy, and which through his book I can agree with his concerns of the two in tension. With the developmentRead MoreDemocracy in America647 Words   |  3 PagesDemocracy in America Democracy is the type of government that America uses every day. In America, democracy is in control as of now. People have their own opinion if America is successful as a Democracy or not. Democracy has meaning, and multiple values. Democracy a certain type of system a government uses to abide by. This government’s values are meant to please the American citizens, and their needs. Democracy looks different to the types of citizens that make up the American society. The multipleRead MoreAmerica Is Not A Democracy1592 Words   |  7 Pages How America is not a Democracy â€Å"I pledge allegiance to the flag of the United States of America...and to the republic for which it stands...one nation under God, indivisible, with Liberty and Justice for all.† (â€Å"Is the United States a Democracy?†) The United States’ pledge is taught to children of all ages, plays an active role in the patriotism of the people, and it symbolizes the citizen’s promise to never violate the Republic of the United States of America. The founding fathers built the foundationRead MoreIs America A Democracy?1954 Words   |  8 Pages The word democracy elicits different perceptions from different people. Some may see democracy as only a government ruled directly by the people, in which the people write and choose laws directly. Others may include representative democracy in which representatives are chosen by the people to write, pass, and enforce laws. It is the latter view that would best describe America. In this sense, America is not a pure dem ocracy, and few would ever say it was founded as one. However, the question remains:

The Science Behind Milks White Color

The short answer is that milk is white because it reflects all wavelengths of visible light. The mixture of reflected colors produces white light. The reason for this is due to the chemical composition of milk and the size of the particles contained within it.   Chemical Composition and Color Milk is about 87% water and 13% solids. It contains several molecules that dont absorb color, including the protein casein, calcium complexes, and fats. Although there are colored compounds in milk, they are not present in a high enough concentration to matter. The light scattering from the particles that make milk a colloid prevent much color absorption. Light scattering also accounts for why snow is white. The ivory or slight yellow color of some milk has two causes. First, the vitamin riboflavin in milk has a greenish yellow color. Second, the cows diet is a factor. A diet high in carotene (the pigment found in carrots and pumpkins) colors milk. Why Skim Milk Is Blue? Fat-free or skim milk has a bluish cast because of the Tyndall effect. There is less of ivory or white color because skim milk doesnt contain the large fat globules that would make it opaque. Casein makes up about 80% of the protein in milk. This protein scatters slightly more blue light than red. Also, carotene is a fat-soluble form of vitamin A that is lost when fat is skimmed, removing a source of yellow color. Summing It Up Milk isnt white because it contains molecules that have a white color, but because its particles scatter other colors so well. White is a special color formed when multiple wavelengths of light blend together.

The Importance Of Project Management For The Business World

Introduction With aspiration of becoming a project manager, the information pertained throughout this course served as a great guide to being an effective project manager. Being effective is the best route in ensuring a successful project. It is critical that the project is managed effective from the beginning of the business project. While the success of a project is never guaranteed, project managers have better chances with implementing the tools discussed from this course. I will first discuss the importance of project management to the business world. In addition, the different components of project management such as project life-cycle management, project organizations, team building, work breakdown structure and the use of project management software are some of the implement to be discussed as well. The software comes with the benefits that can be provided to a project management organization. Many organizations and industries use project management as a guide to effect ively manage projects. Those industries include construction, Department of Defense contractors, non-profit organizations and governmental entities (Larson Gray, 2014). Surveys have been used from governments and industries to emphasize the importance of project management. The Economist Intelligence report argued that, â€Å"80 percent of global executives believed having project management as a core competency helped them remain competitive during the recession† (Project Management Institute,Show MoreRelatedModeling and Its Importance to the Decision Making Process in Business899 Words   |  4 PagesModeling and Its Importance to the Decision Making Process in Business Modeling and Its Importance to the Decision Making Process in Business CIS 331 System Modeling Theory Modeling and Its Importance to the Decision Making Process in Business When we refer to models, often times we picture a model as being something that is tangible, two or three dimensional, and a miniature replica of how we imagine a particular project. However, models can be used in practical everyday aspectsRead MoreUnderstanding the Role of Project Management in Todays Business Environment764 Words   |  4 PagesUnderstanding the role of project management in todays business environment Project management is an essential part of businesses and industries in order to advance ahead and add value to products. Project management enables companies to innovate, plan strategically, and for the economy to progress. The important parts of projects are often values such as team working, planning, innovation, time and budget management, and leadership. In the modern society, some projects can be pharmaceuticals (inventingRead MoreWhy Project Management Has Become A Driving Force1539 Words   |  7 Pagesthat these projects are managed will dictate the level of success that will be experienced. In today’s business world the process of project management has become a driving force in order to help ensure that these initiatives become a reality. The majority of the modern business will has become to realize the importance of project management, the oversite required throughout the life-cycle of a project, the concepts that such be applied during planning, and the ever i ncreasing importance of inter-personalRead MoreINF 410 Project Management1181 Words   |  5 Pagesï » ¿CLICK TO DOWNLOAD INF 410 Project Management Week 1 Discussion Question: Project Life Cycle. The four main elements of the project life cycle are defining, planning, executing and closing. Give an example of a task you performed on a project, either as a leader or team member, and identify what stage of the life cycle it was in and why. Describe if you felt the task was strategically important to the project and also the company. Respond to at least two of your classmates’ postings. DiscussionRead MoreEffect Of Human Resource Management1274 Words   |  6 Pages Effect of Human Resource Management Prateek Gautam Date: 4th May, 2015 Oklahoma State University Information Systems Project Management (MSIS 5033) Dr. Art LaNata â€Æ' Abstract Human resource management, commonly abbreviated as HRM is a function of an organization which is created to positively optimize employee performance of an employer s business strategic goals. HRM aims on systems policies and is mainly associated with the people’s management within the organizations. HRM can be usefulRead More Project Management Essay1394 Words   |  6 PagesProject Management Project Management is quickly becoming a field of study and importance in the business world. A search on the Internet of the title â€Å"Project Management† yields hundreds or results including forums, training manuals and job openings for related positions. Project Management is a broad term referencing the necessary steps taken by management to ensure a product is feasible before and during implementation. According to Project Management Learning Objectives, the steps toRead MoreImportance of Project Management1533 Words   |  6 PagesProject Management Introduction Project management is one of the most important activities that companies develop. This is because their activity is divided into several projects in order to better manage their resources. This also allows them to improve their performance. In addition to this, companies use project management in order to increase the efficiency of their employees. By working in projects, employees can develop a series of skills that allow them to improve their work. ThereforeRead MoreProject Management Paper-Mgt 4371100 Words   |  5 PagesProject Management Paper Manuel Angel Cortez University of Phoenix Project Management Paper Organizations leaders are facing difficult challenges because of the rapid changes in government and technology, which has created pressure in organizations. The aforementioned changes have made way for a new type of management; project management, far different from the traditional structure for managing. This document will describe the definition of a project. The paper will also touch basis on theRead More Use of Project Management Software in Business Essay1222 Words   |  5 PagesUse of Project Management Software in Business Project Management is using the concepts of information technology in businesses to meet the requirements of a particular project. It depends on the process it needs to take to implement a project. The application of knowledge, skills, and tools and techniques is needed (http://www.asp.org/infoglossary/p). There are 3 main phases of project management, they are planning, scheduling and controlling. How the process is implemented is through differentRead MoreUse Of Master Data Management Techniques1543 Words   |  7 PagesSummary: In the white paper â€Å"Challenges in the Effective Use of Master Data Management Techniques†, author David Loshin addresses the most critical challenges that organizations may face in their quest to develop an MDM strategy and suggests that phased implementation is an ideal approach. Threats to a successful implementation of a Master Data Management methodology could be encountered throughout the entire project. The planning phase of the initiative is the most frequently realized as organizations

Night World Soulmate Chapter 4 Free Essays

string(55) " of trauma for her and deadly knowledge for any human\." Thierry knelt by the window, careful not to make a noise or disturb the dry earth beneath him. It was a skill so familiar to his body that he might have been born with it. Darkness was his native environment; he could melt into a shadow at an instant’s notice or move more quietly than a stalking cat. We will write a custom essay sample on Night World : Soulmate Chapter 4 or any similar topic only for you Order Now But right now he was looking into the light. He could see her. Just the curve of her shoulder and the spill of her hair, but he knew it was her. Beside him, Lupe was crouched, her thin body human but quivering with animal alertness and tension. She whispered, softer than a breath, â€Å"All right?† Thierry tore his gaze from that shoulder to look at her. Lupe’s face was bruised, one eye almost closed, lower lip torn. But she was smiling. She’d stuck around Medicine Rock until Thierry had arrived, tailing the girl called Hannah Snow, making sure no harm came to her. Thierry took Lupe’s hand and kissed it. You’re an angel, he told her, and made even less sound than she had in speaking because he didn’t use his vocal chords at all. His voice was telepathic. And you deserve a long vacation. My limo’s at the tourist resort in Clearwater; take it to the airport at Billings. â€Å"But-you’re not planning to stay here alone, are you? You need backup, sir. If she comes-â€Å" I can take care of things. I brought something to protect Hannah. Besides she won’t do anything until she talks to me. â€Å"But-â€Å" Lupe, go. His tone was gentle, but it was unmistakably not the urging of a friend anymore. It was the order of her liege lord, Thierry of the Night World, who was accustomed to being obeyed. Funny, Thierry thought, how you never realized how accustomed you were to being obeyed until somebody defied you. Now, he turned away from Lupe and looked through the cracks in the boarded-up window again. And promptly forgot that Lupe existed. The girl on the couch had turned. He could see her face. Shock coursed through him. He had known it was her-but he hadn’t known that it would look so much like her. Like the way she had looked the first time, the first time she had been born, the first time he had seen her. This was what he thought of as her true face, and though he’d seen various approximations of it through the years, he’d never seen it again. Until now. This was the exact image of the girl he’d fallen in love with. The same long, straight fair hair, like silk in different shades of wheat color, spilling over her shoulders. The same wide gray eyes that seemed full of light. The same steady expression, the same tender mouth, upper lip indenting the lower to give her a look of t unintentional sensuality. The same fine bone structure, the high cheekbones and graceful line of jaw that made her a sculptor’s dream. The only thing that was different was the birthmark. The psychic brand. It was the color of watered wine held up to the light, of watermelon ice, of a pink tourmaline, the palest of gemstones. Blushing rose. Like one large petal, slantwise beneath her cheekbone. As if she’d laid a rose against her cheek for a moment and it had left its imprint on her flesh. To Thierry, it was beautiful, because it was part of her. She’d worn it in every lifetime after the first. But at the same time the very sight of it made his throat clamp shut and his fists clench in helpless grief and fury-fury against himself. The mark was his shame, his punishment. And his penance was to watch her wear it in her innocence through the years. He would pour out his blood on the dry Montana dirt right now if it would take the mark away. But nothing in either the Night World or the human world could do that-at least nothing he’d found in uncounted years of searching. Oh, Goddess, he loved her. He hadn’t allowed himself to feel it for so long- because the feeling could drive him insane while he was away from her. But now it came over him in a flood that he couldn’t have resisted if he’d tried. It made his heart pound and his body tremble. The sight of her lying there, warm and alive, separated from him by only a few flimsy boards and an equally flimsy human male†¦ He wanted her. He wanted to yank off the boards, step through the window, brush aside the red-haired man, and take her in his arms. He wanted to carry her off into the night, holding her close to his heart, to some secret place where nobody could ever find her to hurt her. He didn’t. He knew†¦ from experience†¦ that it didn’t work. He’d done it once or twice, and he’d paid for it. She had hated him before she died. He would never risk that again. And so now, on this spring night near the turn of the millennium in the state of Montana in the United States of America, all Thierry could do was kneel outside a window and watch the newest incarnation of his only Jove. He didn’t realize at first, though, what his only love was actually doing. Lupe had told him that Hannah Snow was seeing a psychologist. But it was only now, listening to what was going on in the room that Thierry slowly realized exactly what Hannah and the psychologist were up to. They were trying to recover her memories. Using hypnosis. Breaking into her subconscious as if it were some bank vault. It was dangerous. Not just because the guy performing the hypnosis didn’t seem to know what he was doing. But because Hannah’s memory was a time-bomb, full of trauma for her and deadly knowledge for any human. You read "Night World : Soulmate Chapter 4" in category "Essay examples" They shouldn’t be doing this. Every muscle in Thierry’s body was tense. But there was no way he could stop it. He could only listen-and wait. Paul repeated with slow resignation, â€Å"He’s not human.† â€Å"No. He’s a Lord of the Night World. He’s powerful†¦ and evil,† Hannah whispered. â€Å"He’s lived for thousands of years.† She added, almost absently, â€Å"I’m the one who’s been reincarnated.† â€Å"Oh, terrific. Well, that’s a twist.† â€Å"You don’t believe me?† Paul seemed to suddenly remember that he was talking with a patient-and a hypnotized patient at that. â€Å"No, I-I mean, I don’t know what to believe. If it’s a fantasy, there’s got to be something underneath it, some psychological reason for you to make it all up. And that’s what we’re looking for. What all this means to you.† He hesitated, then said with new determination, â€Å"Let’s take you back to the first time you met this guy. Okay, I want you to relax in the light; you’re feeling very good. And now I want you to go back through time, just like turning back the pages of a book. In your mind, go back. †¦Ã¢â‚¬  Hannah’s ordinary mind was intruding, waking up, overriding the dreamy part of her that had been answering Paul’s questions. â€Å"Wait, I-I don’t know if that’s a good idea.† â€Å"We can’t figure this out until we find out what it all symbolizes; what it means to you.† Hannah still didn’t feel convinced, but she had the feeling she wasn’t supposed to argue under hypnosis. Maybe it doesn’t matter, though, she thought. I’m waking up now; I probably won’t be able to go back. â€Å"I want you to see yourself as fifteen years old, see yourself as fifteen. Go back to the time when you were fifteen. And now I want you to see yourself at twelve years old; go in your mind to the time when you are twelve. Now go farther back, see yourself at nine years old, at six years old, at three years old. Now go back and see yourself as a baby, as an infant. Feel very comfortable and see yourself as a tiny baby.† Hannah couldn’t help but listen. She did feel comfortable, and her mind did show her pictures as the years seemed to turn back. It was like watching a film of her life running backward, herself getting smaller and smaller, and in the end tiny and bald. â€Å"And now,† the soothing, irresistible voice said, â€Å"I want you to go farther back. Back to the time before you were born. The time before you were born as Hannah Snow. You are floating in the red light, you feel very relaxed, and you are going back, back†¦ to the time when you first met this man you think of as Thierry. Whatever that time might be, go back. Go back to the first time.† Hannah was being drawn down a tunnel. She had no control and she was scared. It wasn’t like the rumored near-death tunnel. It was red, with translucent, shining, pulsing walls-something like a womb. And she was being pulled or sucked through it at ever-increasing speed. No, she thought. But she couldn’t say anything. It was all happening too fast and she couldn’t make a sound. â€Å"Back to the first time,† Paul intoned, and his words set up a sort of echo in Hannah’s head, a whispering of many voices. As if a hundred Hannahs had all gotten together and murmured sibilantly, â€Å"The First Time. The First Time.† â€Å"Go back†¦ and you will begin to see pictures. You will see yourself, maybe in a strange place. Go back and see this.† The First Time†¦ No, Hannah thought again. And something very deep inside her whimpered, â€Å"I don’t want to see it.† But she was still being pulled through the soft red tunnel, faster and faster. She had a feeling of unimaginable distance being crossed. And then †¦ she had a feeling of some threshold being reached. The First Time. She exploded into darkness, squirted out of the tunnel like a watermelon seed between wet ringers. Silence. Dark. And then-a picture. It opened like a tiny leaf unfolding out of a seed, got bigger until it surrounded her. It was like a scene from a movie, except that it was all around her, she seemed to be floating in the middle of it. â€Å"What do you see?† came Paul’s voice softly from very far away. â€Å"I see†¦ me,† Hannah said. â€Å"It’s me-it looks just like me. Except that I don’t have a birthmark.† She was full of wonder. â€Å"Where are you? What do you see yourself doing?† â€Å"I don’t know where I am.† Hannah was too amazed to be frightened now. It was so strange . .. she could see this better than any memory of her real life. The scene was incredibly detailed. At the same time, it was completely unfamiliar to her. â€Å"What I’m doing†¦ I’m holding†¦ something. A rock. And I’m doing something with it to a little tiny†¦ something.† She sighed, defeated, then added, â€Å"I’m wearing animal skins! It’s a sort of shirt and pants all made of skins. It’s unbelievably†¦ primitive. Paul, there’s a cave behind me.† â€Å"Sounds like you’re really far back.† Paul’s voice sounded in stark contrast to Hannah’s wonder and excitement. He was clearly bored. Amused, resigned, but bored. â€Å"And-there’s a girl beside me and she looks like Chess. Like my best friend, Chess. She’s got the same face, the same eyes. She’s wearing skins, too†¦ some kind of skin dress.† â€Å"Yeah, and it has about the detail of most of the past-life regressions in this book,† Paul said wryly. Hannah could tell he was flipping pages. â€Å"You’re doing something to something with a rock. You’re wearing some kind of skins. The book’s full of descriptions like that. People who want to imagine themselves in the olden days, but who don’t know the first thing about them,† he muttered to himself. Hannah didn’t wait for him to remember that he was talking to a hypnotized patient. â€Å"But you didn’t tell me to be the person back then. You just told me to see it.† â€Å"Huh? Oh. Okay, then, be that person.† He said it so casually. Panic spurted through Hannah. â€Å"Wait-I†¦Ã¢â‚¬  But it was happening. She was falling, dissolving, merging into the scene around her. She was becoming the girl in front of the cave. The First Time†¦ Distantly, she heard her own voice whispering, â€Å"I’m holding a flint burin, a tool for drilling. I’m boring holes in the tooth of an arctic fox.† â€Å"Be that person,† Paul was repeating mechanically, still in the bored voice. Then he said, â€Å"What?† â€Å"Mother’s going to be furious-I’m supposed to be sorting fruit we stored last winter for the Spring, Gathering. There’s not much left and it’s mostly rotten. But Ran killed a fox and gave the skull to Ket, and we’ve spent all morning knocking the teeth out and making them into a necklace for Ket. Ket just has to have something new to wear every festival.† She heard Paul say softly, â€Å"Oh, my God†¦Ã¢â‚¬  Then he swallowed and said, â€Å"Wait-you want to be a paleontologist, right? You know about old things†¦Ã¢â‚¬  â€Å"I want to be a what? I’m going to be a shaman, like Old Mother. I should get married, but there’s nobody I want. Ket keeps telling me I’ll meet somebody at a gathering, but I don’t think so.† She shivered. â€Å"Weird-I’ve got chills all of a sudden. Old Mother says she can’t see my destiny. She pretends that’s nothing to worry about, but I know she’s worried. That’s why she wants me to be a shaman, so I can fight back if the spirits have something rotten in mind for me.† Paul said, â€Å"Hannah-uh, let’s just make sure we can get you out of this, all right? You know, in case that should become necessary. Now, when I clap my hands you’re going to awaken completely refreshed. Okay? Okay?† â€Å"My name’s Hana.† It was pronounced slightly differently: Hah-na. â€Å"And I’m already awake. Ket is laughing at me. She’s threading the teeth on a sinew string. She says I’m daydreaming. She’s right; I wrecked the hole for this tooth.† â€Å"When I clap my hands, you’re going to wake up. When I clap my hands, you’re going to wake up. You will be Hannah Snow in Montana.† A clap. â€Å"Hannah, how do you feel?† Another clap. â€Å"Hannah? Hannah?† â€Å"It’s Hana. Hana of the River People. And I don’t know what you’re talking about; I can’t be somebody else.† She stiffened. â€Å"Wait-something’s happening. There’s some kind of commotion from the river. Something’s going on.† The voice was desperate. â€Å"When I clap my hands-â€Å" â€Å"Shh. Be quiet.† Something was happening and she had to see it, she had to know. She had to stand up. †¦ Hana of the Three Rivers stood up. â€Å"Everybody’s all excited by the river’ she told Ket. â€Å"Maybe Ran fell in,† Ket said. â€Å"No, that’s too much to hope for. Hana, what am I going to do? He wants to mate me, but I just can’t picture it. I want somebody interesting, somebody different. . . ,† She held up the half-finished necklace. â€Å"So what do you think?† Hana barely glanced at her. Ket looked wonderful, with her short dark hair, her glowing slanted green eyes, and her mysterious smile. The necklace was attractive; red beads alternated with delicate milky-white teeth. â€Å"Fine, beautiful. You’ll break every heart at the gathering. I’m going down to the river.† Ket put down the necklace. â€Å"Well, if you insist- wait for me.† The river was broad and fast-flowing, covered with little white-capped waves because it had just been joined by two tributaries. Hana’s people had rived in the limestone caves by the three rivers for longer than anyone could remember. Ket was behind her as Hana made her way through new green cattails to the bend in the river. And then , she saw what the fuss was about. There was a stranger crouching in the reeds. That was exciting enough-strangers didn’t come very often. But this stranger was like no man Hana had ever seen. â€Å"It’s a demon,† Ket whispered, awed. It was a young man-a boy a few years older than Hana herself. He might have been handsome in other circumstances. His hair was very light blond, lighter than the dry grass of the steppes. His face was well-made; his tall body was lithe. Hana could see almost all of that body because he was only wearing a brief leather loincloth. That didn’t bother her; everybody went naked in the summer when it was hot enough. But this wasn’t summer; it was spring and the days could still be chilly. No sane person would go traveling without clothes. But that wasn’t what shocked Hana, what held her standing there rigid with her heart pounding so hard she couldn’t breathe. It was the rest of the boy’s appearance. Ket was right-he was clearly a demon. His eyes were wrong. More like the eyes of a lynx or a wolverine than the eyes of a person. They seemed to throw the pale sunlight back at you when you looked into them. But the eyes were nothing compared to the teeth. His canine teeth were long and delicately curved. They came to a sharp and very non-human point. Almost involuntarily, Hana looked down at the fox tooth she still held in her palm. Yes, they were like that, only bigger. The boy was filthy, caked with mud from the river, his blond hair ruffled crazily, his eyes staring wildly from side to side. There was blood on his mouth and chin. â€Å"He’s a demon, all right,† one of the men said. Five men were standing around the crouching boy, several of them with spears, others with hastily grabbed rocks. â€Å"What else could have a human body with animal eyes and teeth?† â€Å"A spirit?† Hana said. She didn’t realize that she was going to say it until the words were out. But then, with everybody looking at her, she drew herself up tall. â€Å"Whether he’s a demon or a spirit, you’d better not hurt him. It’s Old Mother who should decide what to do with him. This is a matter for shamans.† â€Å"You’re not a shaman yet,† another of the men said. It was Arno, a very broad-shouldered man who was the leader of the hunters. Hana didn’t like him. And she wasn’t sure why she had spoken up in favor of the stranger. There was something in his eyes, the look of a suffering animal. He seemed so alone, and so frightened-and so much in pain, even though there were no visible wounds on his body. â€Å"She’s right, we’d better take him to Old Mother,† one of the hunters said. â€Å"Should we hit him on the head and tie him up, or do you think we can just herd him?† But at that moment, a high thin sound came to Hana over the rushing of the river. It was a woman screaming. â€Å"Help me! Somebody come help me! Ryl’s been attacked!† How to cite Night World : Soulmate Chapter 4, Essay examples

UNESCO International Organizations and Education

Question: Discuss about the UNESCO International Organizations and Education. Answer: UNESCOs prime objective is to contributepeace and security through education and cultural reforms since 1945 across all over the world so that every individual of this world can get justice (Chabbott, 2013). This organization works for providing education in science, culture and communication to every child irrespective of their gender and cultural differences (UNESCO, 2017). UNESCO has ten associate member states and 195 member states and Australia is one of them (UNESCO, 2017). Thus, the prime objective of this assessment is to highlight the motive to offer quality education to needful children through social media marketing in Australia. Sallis (2014) defines that quality education helps to build a better future as it offers knowledge regarding the subject that they intend to incur. Chabbott (2013) moreover highlights that children in developing countries and backward society do not get proper education throughout their childhood. Cropley (2014) also depicts that quality education decrease poverty promotes health, closes the gender gap, minimizes malnutrition and provides economic growth. Moreover, in developing countries, violence-prone country and vulnerable countries, people do not prefer to spend on quality education or higher authorities to meritorious students. Thus, UNESCO has taken an initiative for Education for all campaigns in order make provision of quality education compulsorily. The program/campaign focus The major focus of this education to all campaign is that every child indigenous and non-indigenous irrespective of their language, cultural and traditional differences has the right to get a quality education. In this assessment, marketing of this campaign through social media is highlighted so that more people can aware of their noble work. SWOT analysis Strength Weakness Social media marketing covers a significant community so that they make them aware of their education to all campaign. Moreover, people across the world donate money for educating children with the help of social media marketing. It provide a chance to the organization to communicate directly with their consumers. Social media marketing needs small investment to generate and targets more customer than conventional form of marketing (Williams et al., 2012). As social media marketing is new, elderly people may face problem in using social media. Poor communication due to lack of face to face interaction. It is evident that not all terms and condition are mentioned in social media sites (Papasolomou Melanthiou, 2012). Places where there are no internet facilities and smart devices are available; the content of social media marketing does not reach to those people. UNESCO barely cover their expenses with revenue and the employees of UNESCO are volunteers and they do not have any job security. Opportunities Threat More consumers can be targeted, as social media marketing delivers the message to people more easily. Positive comments and support of their education to all campaigns enhances their brand recognition. Social media marketing can reach to every country irrespective of the nation barrier (Wang et al., 2012). As more people are using social media, people from different ethnic group become closer As social media marketing comprises of broadcasting their posts to everyone, any negative comments can provide the competitors with an advantage (Tuten Solomon, 2014). People from backwards background values money more than education and thus it is a threat to the campaign. Being a non-profit organization, UNESCO has to save a portion of financial resources in maintaining their IT department for managing the social media marketing. Donors of UNESCO may quit any time from the organization Table 1: SWOT of Social Media Marketing of UNESCO for education for all campaign (Source: Created by Author) Justification of an appropriate target market UNESCO targets developing countries, where backward community does not afford early childhood education for their kids and propel their children to work and earn money (Cropley, 2014). Moreover, their major target for the campaign is girls in order to eliminate gender disparities in primary and secondary education. Moreover, there are some meritoriousstudents in the backward society, who needs financial support; UNESCO also targets those children. Thus, UNESCO utilizes the social media marketing for making people of those counties aware of their campaign and initiatives for promoting quality education to poor and needful children through their community. Thus, it can be stated that social media marketing targets educated people all around the world so that they can take initiatives for making backward society aware for educating children. UNESCO emphasizes on the factor of building knowledge on a daily basis and its applicability in regular life so that children can understand the benefits of the education (Education for the 21st Century; UNESCO, 2017). Utilizing the service of social media like Facebook, Twitter and YouTube people can get more aware of their education campaign (See Appendix, Image 1-3). Through their social media marketing people can easily get knowledge regarding their other donor group like in AUSTRALIA: AusAid and Foreign Ministry, in BELGIUM: Development Cooperation (DGDC) and Technical Cooperation (BTC) and in GERMANY: KfW Bankengruppe and Ministry of Foreign Affairs (Unesco.org 2017). This makes people to find out their nearby place from where they can help in promoting education through UNESCO. The donation that people donate for helping UNESCO in their initiatives towards the education for poor children has no limits. People can donate as much as they want through online website of UNESCO, money by transfer through net banking or directly to their official address (Berthon et al., 2012). However, some cost requires formulating these social media pages and their maintenance. Papasolomou and Melanthiou (2012) also depicts that financial resources are required for purchasing Facebook adverts and creating their business page. Moreover, Berthon et al. (2012) also highlight that almost $45,000 is spent on YouTube advertising for an established organization if they have enough material to broadcast their major objectives. UNESCO needs some price for organizing education campaign in target countries so that student can enroll themselves for the education programs. Taking the land on rent for some days also bear some cost for it that UNESCO needs to pay initially. It is also highli ghted in their report that a cost of USD 340 billion is estimated to spend for Global Action Week for Education compared to USD 149 billion in 2012 (UNESCO, 2017). Furthermore a cost of USD197 is intends to spend on per primary school student in low income countries by the year 2030 for their education programs. More prices are required to provide education to out-of-school children and adolescents in conflict afflicted countries and hence UNESCO plan for USD2.3 billion for this education program (UNESCO, 2017). Place/distribution UNESCO currently, they have 195 member states and 10 associate members and now they intend to target other nations through social media marketing (UNESCO, 2017). Moreover, they target majorly developing the country like Africa, Algeria, Angola, Bangladesh, Belize, Cambodia and Kim and Ko (2012) suggested that targeting violence-prone countries like Syria, Afghanistan will also be beneficial for the UNESCO, Australia. Moreover, a support chat that provides assistance to all the people 24 hours will also allow them to attract more people from other places. UNESCO also targets marginalized populations and vulnerable countries like Tonga, Philippines, Solomon Islands, Timor-Leste, Fiji, Japan and other countries (UNESCO, 2017). Promotion/communication Social media marketing is the newly initiated mode of promotion for their education for all campaign (Williams et al., 2012). Through this method, UNESCO can promote for comprehensive early childhood care and education, education for girls and ethnic minority group, accessibility to the appropriate learning and life-skills programs and adult literacy (Sallis, 2014). However, through social media, UNESCO also takes help from celebrities like Forst Whitaker, Graca Machel, Pink and Wladdimir Klitschko in order to grab attention from all the people that helps in their promotion. UNESCO can also formulate attractive messages and headline to grab other attention that provokes their morale for supporting education. Moreover, picture for provision of education to backward society can also attract more people as they can directly view their initiatives. Attention-grabbing message Malhotra et al. (2012) mentioned that, organization like UNESCO needs to attract people through an attractive message in order to raise their morale so that they can help them to provide quality education to needful children. The message can be like- Join and be a member of UNESCO for helping children to get a quality education. Let us offer a helping hand in building their future." Evaluate of the effectiveness of the message Performance evaluation of a business is crucial as it provides knowledge regarding the progress of the organization as it allows an organization to identify their gaps with respect to their competitors (Molitor et al. (2016). The effectiveness of the messages through social media marketing can be evaluated through the response of the community (Lee Ahn, 2012). In the social media sites like Facebook, Twitter and YouTube, options for peoples response are given that describes how many people support their work. Thus, by evaluating the number like in Facebook pages, subscribers in YouTube channel and followers in Twitter allow UNESCO to assess the effectiveness of the message. In addition to that, taking feedback directly from the consumers regarding the benefits they have experienced from their education to all campaign by conducting a survey in the developing nation also direct the concerned organization to evaluate the effectiveness of their entire programs (Wells, 2014). Conclusion In this assessment, the campaign for providing quality education is considered. It is concluded that quality education helps to build a better future and the further development of nation. UNESCO, Australia is one of the NGO that organizes campaign for offering education through their "education to all" campaign through social media. People spent a lot of time in social media like Facebook, YouTube and others and thus UNESCO has targeted this mode to provide knowledge regarding their campaign and provoke them to offer help. Moreover, by analyzing the strengths and weakness of the social media marketing, it is found that UNESCO will be benefited by this mode of marketing as the message is delivered to every corner of the world by overcoming the barrier of territories. However, the threats and weakness of the social media marketing of presence of internet and smart devices can be overcome by improving the technology. Reference List Berthon, P. R., Pitt, L. F., Plangger, K., Shapiro, D. (2012). Marketing meets Web 2.0, social media, and creative consumers: Implications for international marketing strategy.Business horizons,55(3), 261-271. Chabbott, C. 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Attention to banner ads and their effectiveness: An eye-tracking approach.International Journal of Electronic Commerce,17(1), 119-137. Malhotra, A., Malhotra, C. K., See, A. (2012). How to get your messages retweeted.MIT Sloan Management Review,53(2), 61. Molitor, D., Reichhart, P., Spann, M., Ghose, A. (2016). Measuring the effectiveness of location-based advertising: A randomized field experiment. Papasolomou, I., Melanthiou, Y. (2012). Social media: Marketing public relations new best friend.Journal of Promotion Management,18(3), 319-328. Sallis, E. (2014).Total quality management in education. Routledge. Tuten, T. L., Solomon, M. R. (2014).Social media marketing. Sage. UNESCO (@UNESCO) | Twitter. (2017).Twitter.com. Retrieved 2 February 2017, from https://twitter.com/UNESCO UNESCO. (2017).UNESCO. Retrieved 2 February 2017, from https://en.unesco.org/ Wang, A. T., Sandhu, N. P., Wittich, C. M., Mandrekar, J. N., Beckman, T. J. (2012, December). 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